Warm the pot: Set a large pot over medium heat. Add olive oil and let it shimmer.
Soften aromatics: Add onion, carrots, and celery.
Season with a pinch of salt. Cook, stirring occasionally, until softened and lightly golden, about 6–8 minutes.
Add garlic and spices: Stir in garlic, cumin, coriander, turmeric, and red pepper flakes. Cook 30–60 seconds until fragrant.
Don’t let the garlic brown.
Add lentils and broth: Stir in rinsed lentils, broth, bay leaf, and lemon zest. Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat to a simmer.
Simmer: Cook uncovered, stirring occasionally, until lentils are tender. For red lentils, 15–20 minutes; for brown/green, 25–35 minutes.
Add more broth or water if it gets too thick.
Finish with greens: If using, stir in spinach or kale in the last 2–3 minutes of cooking until wilted and tender.
Lemon and herbs: Remove the bay leaf. Stir in lemon juice and chopped parsley or dill. Taste and adjust with more lemon, salt, and pepper.
You want a bright, balanced flavor.
Adjust texture: For a creamier soup, use an immersion blender to blend a few quick pulses directly in the pot. Keep some texture for the best mouthfeel.
Serve: Ladle into bowls and top with a dollop of yogurt or a drizzle of olive oil, plus extra herbs if you like.