Make the sauce base: Heat 2 tablespoons olive oil in a large pot over medium heat.
Add onion and cook 5–6 minutes until soft and translucent. Stir in garlic for 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add meat (optional): If using, add ground meat and cook, breaking it up, until browned and no longer pink. Drain excess fat if needed.
Season lightly with salt and pepper.
Build the tomato sauce: Stir in crushed tomatoes, tomato paste, oregano, basil, and red pepper flakes. Add 1 teaspoon sugar or honey. Season with 1 teaspoon salt and 1/2 teaspoon black pepper to start.
Simmer: Bring to a gentle simmer, then lower heat.
Cook uncovered 20–25 minutes, stirring now and then. Taste and adjust salt, pepper, and sweetness. If using fresh basil, stir it in at the end.
Prep the ricotta layer: In a bowl, combine ricotta, egg, Parmesan, parsley, a pinch of salt, and pepper.
Mix until smooth. If you like, fold in chopped spinach.
Check noodles: If your gluten-free noodles are no-boil, you’re ready. If using boil-first noodles, cook them just shy of al dente per package directions.
Drain and lay flat on a lightly oiled sheet to prevent sticking.
Preheat the oven: Set to 375°F (190°C). Lightly oil a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Layer 1 – Sauce: Spread 1 cup of sauce across the bottom of the dish to prevent sticking and help the noodles soften.
Layer 2 – Noodles: Arrange a single layer of gluten-free noodles, slightly overlapping if needed.
Layer 3 – Ricotta: Dollop and spread one-third of the ricotta mixture over the noodles.
Layer 4 – Mozzarella: Sprinkle 1 cup shredded mozzarella over the ricotta.
Repeat layers: Add 1–1.5 cups sauce, then noodles, ricotta, and mozzarella. Repeat to make 3 layers total, ending with a generous layer of sauce and a final blanket of mozzarella on top.
Sprinkle extra Parmesan if you like.
Cover and bake: Tent with foil (lightly oiled on the underside to prevent sticking). Bake 25 minutes.
Uncover and finish: Remove foil and bake another 15–20 minutes, until the top is bubbly and lightly browned. If the top needs more color, broil for 1–2 minutes, watching closely.
Rest before slicing: Let the lasagna rest 10–15 minutes.
This helps it set and slice cleanly.
Garnish and serve: Scatter chopped basil or parsley on top. Slice and serve warm.